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Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds
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Delayed Protein Changes During Seed Germination.

Bing Bai1, Niels van der Horst2, Jan H Cordewener3,4,5

  • 1Wageningen Seed Science Centre, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|October 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Seed germination involves complex protein synthesis. Polysome profiling reveals that actively translated mRNAs predict future protein levels, with many proteins showing delayed changes during germination.

Keywords:
Arabidopsis thalianapolysome profilingproteomeribosomeseed germinationtranslation delaytranslatome

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Science
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Transcriptome data during seed germination is abundant, but protein synthesis remains poorly understood.
  • The correlation between mRNA levels and protein abundance is generally low, limiting transcriptome data utility for predicting protein expression.
  • Polysomal profiling identifies actively translated mRNAs, offering a proxy for the translatome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between total mRNA, polysome-associated mRNA, and protein levels during seed germination.
  • To determine if polysome association predicts future protein abundance changes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized polysomal profiling to analyze mRNA translation during seed germination.
  • Compared polysomal mRNA levels with total mRNA and protein abundance across different time points.
  • Investigated correlations between mRNA and protein stability, and mRNA length as predictors of protein abundance changes.

Main Results:

  • Direct correlation between polysomal mRNA and protein abundance at a single time point is low.
  • A higher correlation is observed when comparing polysomal mRNA from one time point to the proteome of the subsequent time point.
  • 35% of the proteome exhibited delayed changes in protein levels.
  • Identified gene classifications and motifs associated with delayed protein changes.
  • mRNA and protein stability, along with mRNA length, are significant predictors of protein abundance changes.

Conclusions:

  • Polysome association/dissociation serves as a predictor for future protein abundance changes in germinating seeds.
  • Understanding the translatome provides crucial insights into post-transcriptional regulation during seed development.