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Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1): a Multifunctional Glycoprotein and Biological Marker (Review).

Т А Karmakova¹, N S Sergeeva², К Yu Kanukoev³

¹Leading Researcher, Department of Predicting the Effectiveness of Conservative Therapy; P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute - Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 3, 2 Botkinsky Proezd, Moscow, 125284, Russia.

Sovremennye Tekhnologii V Meditsine

|October 4, 2021

Summary

Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1) plays a role in immune responses and kidney health. This review explores KIM-1's involvement in various diseases and its potential as a diagnostic marker.

Keywords:

HAVcr-1 KIM-1 TIM-1 acute kidney injury chronic renal failure heart failure regulation of immune reactions renal cell carcinoma

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Nephrology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1), also known as HAVcr-1 or TIM-1, is a transmembrane glycoprotein.
KIM-1 belongs to the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM) family, typically found on immune cells but also expressed by epithelial cells.
KIM-1 mediates cellular and humoral effects crucial for physiological and pathophysiological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of KIM-1's mechanisms in various conditions.
To analyze clinical data linking KIM-1 to viral diseases and immune disorders.
To consider KIM-1's potential as a biomarker for renal and cardiovascular diseases.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing research on KIM-1.
Analysis of clinical studies on KIM-1 associations.
Evaluation of KIM-1's role in disease progression and as a potential marker.

Main Results:

KIM-1 is implicated in viral invasion, immune regulation, and kidney epithelial responses to injury.
Clinical data show associations between KIM-1 and viral diseases and immune disorders.
KIM-1 shows potential as a urinary or serological marker for kidney and cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions:

KIM-1 is a multifaceted protein involved in immunity and kidney pathophysiology.
Further research into KIM-1's roles could lead to improved diagnostics and treatments.
KIM-1 represents a promising biomarker candidate for various clinical applications.