Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Resonance02:52

Resonance

57.4K
The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N-O and N=O bonds. 
57.4K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

28.4K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
28.4K
Resonance and Hybrid Structures02:16

Resonance and Hybrid Structures

21.6K
According to the theory of resonance, if two or more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms can be written for a molecule, ion, or radical, the actual distribution of electrons is an average of that shown by the various Lewis structures.
Resonance Structures and Resonance Hybrids
The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N–O and N=O bonds.
21.6K
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

2.0K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
2.0K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

45.3K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
45.3K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.1K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Quantitative Photoswitching of Spin States in o-Fluoroazobenzene-Loaded Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Synthesis and Structures of Formal Ni(I/II/III) Imido Complexes.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Unraveling N-O Cleavage and N-H Bond Formation for NO Reduction to NH<sub>3</sub> at a Bimetallic Fe-Mo Site.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Crystallographic Capture of a Free Triplet Borylnitrene.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

A Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Study on the Electronic Structures of Cyclopentadienyl Bis-Phosphine Chromium(IV/V) Nitrides.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

A Missing Link in Dinitrogen Fixation Enabled by Hydrazido Isomerization.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Determining the Chemical Composition of Corrosion Inhibitor/Metal Interfaces with XPS: Minimizing Post Immersion Oxidation
07:44

Determining the Chemical Composition of Corrosion Inhibitor/Metal Interfaces with XPS: Minimizing Post Immersion Oxidation

Published on: March 15, 2017

15.9K

Structural and Spectroscopic Evidence for a Side-on Fe(III)-Superoxo Complex Featuring Discrete O-O Bond Distances.

Hung-Ruei Pan1, Hsin-Jou Chen1, Zong-Han Wu1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.

JACS Au
|October 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The O-O bond length in iron-dioxygen complexes does not reliably indicate the oxygen ligand

More Related Videos

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

16.3K
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks
10:31

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

Published on: May 8, 2015

13.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Determining the Chemical Composition of Corrosion Inhibitor/Metal Interfaces with XPS: Minimizing Post Immersion Oxidation
07:44

Determining the Chemical Composition of Corrosion Inhibitor/Metal Interfaces with XPS: Minimizing Post Immersion Oxidation

Published on: March 15, 2017

15.9K
In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
11:38

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

Published on: February 1, 2020

16.3K
Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks
10:31

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

Published on: May 8, 2015

13.9K

Area of Science:

  • Bioinorganic Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • The O-O bond length is a key metric for determining oxygen ligand valence states in metalloproteins and biomimetic complexes.
  • Understanding metal-dioxygen species is crucial for elucidating oxygen transport and activation mechanisms in biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between O-O bond length and the electronic structure of iron-dioxygen species.
  • To determine if O-O bond length is a reliable indicator of oxygen ligand valence states.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography at 100 K to determine structures of three forms of an iron-dioxygen species.
  • Spectroscopic analysis (UV-Vis, EPR, resonance Raman) to probe electronic structure.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio calculations to model the potential energy surface and electronic properties.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct O-O bond lengths (1.229(4), 1.330(4), 1.387(2) Å) were observed for the iron-dioxygen species.
  • All forms exhibited identical spectroscopic features, indicating the same Fe(III)-O2•- electronic structure.
  • Computational studies revealed a flat potential energy surface concerning O-O distance, suggesting intermolecular interactions influence observed lengths.

Conclusions:

  • O-O bond length is not a definitive indicator of oxygen ligand valence state in metal-dioxygen species.
  • Intermolecular interactions in the second coordination sphere significantly affect observed O-O bond lengths.
  • Re-evaluation of structural parameters is needed for accurate interpretation of O2 ligands in biological and synthetic systems.