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Related Concept Videos

Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Imine and Enamine Formation Overview01:16

Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Imine and Enamine Formation Overview

Primary amines react with carbonyl compounds—aldehydes and ketones—to generate imines. Imines consist of a C=N double bond and are named Schiff bases after its discoverer—the German chemist Hugo Schiff. On the other hand, secondary amines react with carbonyl compounds to give enamines. In enamines, the presence of a C=C double bond adjacent to the nitrogen atom leads to the delocalization of the lone pair.
Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Imine Formation Mechanism01:23

Aldehydes and Ketones with Amines: Imine Formation Mechanism

Imine formation involves the addition of carbonyl compounds to a primary amine. It begins with the generation of carbinolamine through a series of steps involving an initial nucleophilic attack and then several proton transfer reactions. The second part includes the elimination of water, as a leaving group, to give the imine.
Imines are formed under mildly acidic conditions. A pH of 4.5 is ideal for the reaction.
If the pH is low or the solution is too acidic, the reaction slows down in the...
Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
Preparation of Nitriles01:12

Preparation of Nitriles

One of the common methods to prepare nitriles is the dehydration of amides. This method requires strong dehydrating agents like phosphorous pentoxide or boiling acetic anhydride for converting amides to nitriles. Another reagent namely, thionyl chloride also accomplishes the dehydration of amides, where amide acts as a nucleophile. The first step of the mechanism involves the nucleophilic attack by the amide on the thionyl chloride to form an intermediate. In the next step, the electron pairs...

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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
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Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry

Published on: October 18, 2019

Synthesis and Structures of Formal Ni(I/II/III) Imido Complexes.

Baolu Wang1,2, Qiyi Miao3,4,5, Shiying Zhang1

  • 1School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reports the first series of nickel imide complexes across three oxidation states, including rare Ni(I) species. These complexes offer insights into metal-imido chemistry and reactivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Late transition metal imido complexes in multiple oxidation states are rare due to inherent instability.
  • Developing stable imido complexes across various oxidation states is crucial for understanding fundamental reactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a series of nickel imido complexes in Ni(I), Ni(II), and Ni(III) oxidation states.
  • To investigate the redox chemistry and structural properties of these complexes.
  • To explore the reactivity of the Ni(I) imido species.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Ni(II) imido complexes using a cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC)-phosphine bidentate ligand.
  • Electrochemical reduction and oxidation to access Ni(I) and Ni(III) species.
  • Structural, spectroscopic, and computational characterization.
  • Reactivity studies, including hydrogen atom abstraction.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized and isolated Ni(II), Ni(I), and Ni(III) nickel imido complexes.
  • Characterization revealed strong Ni-N covalency across all oxidation states.
  • Ni(I) imides with d9 configurations were obtained, representing rare examples.
  • Ni(I) imido species exhibited enhanced nucleophilicity and basicity compared to Ni(II) precursors.

Conclusions:

  • This work presents the first series of nickel imides spanning three oxidation states.
  • An effective strategy for isolating elusive Ni(I) imido complexes was developed.
  • The study provides valuable insights into the electronic structure and reactivity of transition metal imides.