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Association of indoor air pollution on cognitive dysfunction among elderly
T M Bin Mahfoz1, M Alzahrani, R A Shaik
1Otolaryngology Department, College of Medicine, Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. m.shakil@mu.edu.sa.
European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|October 4, 2021
Summary
Indoor air pollution from cooking and heating fuels is linked to cognitive dysfunction in elderly women. Further research is needed to understand the biological mechanisms connecting indoor air quality and cognitive decline.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Neuroscience
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cognitive dysfunction in the elderly is a significant health concern, often preceded by neuropathology and accelerated cognitive decline.
- Epidemiologic studies suggest a link between indoor air pollution exposure and cognitive impairment.
- A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to clarify this association.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze observational studies on the relationship between indoor air pollution and cognitive dysfunction in the elderly.
- To identify the nature and strength of the association between indoor air pollutants and cognitive impairment.
Main Methods:
- Included observational studies (cross-sectional, prospective, retrospective cohorts) published before April 30, 2021, in English.
- Excluded experimental studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and controlled clinical trials.
- Conducted a structured literature search across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and clinical trial.gov, selecting 9 studies for meta-analysis using R software.
Main Results:
- All included studies reported an association between at least one pollutant and cognitive dysfunction.
- Five studies reported on cognitive function, with a pooled mean of 12.16 (95% CI: 10.73 to 13.58).
- High heterogeneity was observed (I2=100%), indicating significant variability among studies. Risk of bias was minimal.
Conclusions:
- Indoor air pollution from cooking and heating fuels is significantly associated with cognitive dysfunction in elderly women.
- Limitations necessitate further extensive meta-analyses and longitudinal studies.
- Investigating the biological mechanisms underlying the impact of indoor air pollution on cognitive health is recommended.
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