Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test01:00

Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test

6.5K
When one or more data points appear far from the rest of the data, there is a need to determine whether they are outliers and whether they should be eliminated from the data set to ensure an accurate representation of the measured value. In many cases, outliers arise from gross errors (or human errors) and do not accurately reflect the underlying phenomenon. In some cases, however, these apparent outliers reflect true phenomenological differences. In these cases, we can use statistical methods...
6.5K
Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization01:12

Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization

5.3K
Error is the deviation of the obtained result from the true, expected value or the estimated central value. Errors are expressed in absolute or relative terms.
Absolute error in a measurement is the numerical difference from the true or central value. Relative error is the ratio between absolute error and the true or central value, expressed as a percentage.
Errors can be classified by source, magnitude, and sign. There are three types of errors: systematic, random, and gross.
Systematic or...
5.3K
Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error00:59

Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error

1.3K
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
1.3K
Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error01:10

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error

1.0K
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
1.0K
Control Systems01:10

Control Systems

1.5K
Control systems are everywhere in contemporary society, influencing diverse applications from aerospace to automated manufacturing. These systems can be found naturally within biological processes, such as blood sugar regulation and heart rate adjustment in response to stress, as well as in man-made systems like elevators and automated vehicles. A control system is essentially a network of subsystems and processes that collaboratively convert specific inputs into desired outputs.
At the heart...
1.5K
Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:07

Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

204
Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is a widely used control method in various engineering systems to enhance stability and performance. In a system with only proportional control, common issues include high maximum overshoot and oscillation, observed in both the error signal and its rate of change. This behavior can be divided into three distinct phases: initial overshoot, subsequent undershoot, and gradual stabilization.
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
204

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Photonic networking of quantum memories in high dimensions.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Reinforcement learning control of quantum error correction.

Nature·2026
Same author

Research advances in in situ electrochemistry-nuclear magnetic resonance technology.

Talanta·2026
Same author

Reconfigurable quantum computer juggles 98 qubits.

Nature·2026
Same author

Charge Exchange Dynamics in Cold Collisions of <sup>40</sup>CaH<sup>+</sup> and <sup>39</sup>K.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Preprocedural acute silent ischemic lesions and inhospital stroke after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for severe symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.

Journal of neurointerventional surgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping
14:58

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping

Published on: June 3, 2015

15.0K

Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit.

Laird Egan1,2,3, Dripto M Debroy4,5, Crystal Noel6,7

  • 1Joint Quantum Institute, Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. laird.egan@gmail.com.

Nature
|October 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Fault-tolerant circuits were demonstrated in a real quantum system, significantly reducing errors. This breakthrough enables more accurate quantum computations and paves the way for robust quantum computing.

More Related Videos

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.2K
Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping
14:58

Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping

Published on: June 3, 2015

15.0K
Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.2K
Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.0K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Experimental Quantum Computing
  • Quantum Error Correction

Background:

  • Quantum error correction encodes information into larger systems to protect it from noise.
  • Controlling encoded qubits increases complexity, necessitating fault-tolerant circuits.
  • Previous demonstrations of fault-tolerant circuits lacked real-world quantum system noise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate fault-tolerant circuits in an error-corrected physical system.
  • To assess the effectiveness of fault-tolerant protocols against native noise characteristics.
  • To establish the feasibility of accurate logical qubit operations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 13 trapped ion qubits to implement fault-tolerant circuits.
  • Developed and tested protocols for preparation, measurement, rotation, and stabilizer measurement of a Bacon-Shor logical qubit.
  • Compared fault-tolerant protocols against non-fault-tolerant ones under realistic noise conditions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved significant reductions in error rates for logical primitives compared to non-fault-tolerant methods.
  • Obtained an average state preparation and measurement error of 0.6% and Clifford gate error of 0.3% after error correction.
  • Prepared magic states with fidelities surpassing the distillation threshold, demonstrating key single-qubit fault-tolerant control elements.

Conclusions:

  • Fault-tolerant circuits enable highly accurate logical operations in current quantum systems.
  • The experimental demonstration validates the practical application of fault-tolerant design principles.
  • Further improvements in two-qubit gates and intermediate measurements could lead to stabilized logical qubits.