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Area of Science:

Quantum Optics
Quantum Information Science

Background:

Photon-number correlations are fundamental to quantum optics.
Understanding multi-beam quantum states is crucial for quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze joint photon-number distributions in a three-beam system.
To investigate the emergence of checkered patterns and non-classical properties.

Main Methods:

Experimental and theoretical analysis of three twin beams.
Utilizing photon-number-resolving intensified charge-coupled device (iCCD) camera.
Maximum-likelihood approach for reconstructing photocount histograms.

Main Results:

Joint photon-number distributions exhibit checkered patterns due to correlated and anti-correlated contributions.
Experimental post-selection revealed non-classicality, though detection efficiency limited pattern visibility.
Ideal post-selection reconstructions clearly showed checkered patterns and non-classical properties.

Conclusions:

The study demonstrates a method to generate and characterize non-classical states with tunable correlations.
These states are suitable for applications like two-photon excitations and spectroscopy.