Vaccine Coverage Across the Life Course in Michigan During the COVID-19 Pandemic: January‒September 2020

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Immunization Practices

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems globally.
• Maintaining routine immunization services is critical for preventing vaccine-preventable diseases across the life course.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immunization services in Michigan.
• To assess changes in vaccine administration and coverage for children, adolescents, and adults.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of Michigan immunization registry data from 2018 to September 2020.
• Examined vaccine doses administered, provider sites, and vaccination coverage rates.
• Focused on pediatric and adult immunization services.

Main Results:

• Overall vaccine doses decreased significantly starting February 2020, peaking at a 63.3% decline in April 2020.
• Adult vaccination doses declined in most settings, with notable exceptions in obstetrics/gynecology and pharmacies.
• Childhood vaccination coverage decreased by 4.4% overall, and 5.8% for Medicaid-enrolled children, alongside a reduction in pediatric vaccine sites.

Conclusions:

• The pandemic caused substantial disruptions to immunization services, affecting all age groups.
• A significant challenge remains in recovering pre-pandemic vaccination levels and addressing missed immunizations.
• Targeted strategies are needed to ensure continuity of care and vaccine access.