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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Brain Network Dysfunction in Poststroke Delirium and Spatial Neglect: An fMRI Study.

Olga Boukrina1,2, Mateusz Kowalczyk3, Yury Koush2,4

  • 1Center for Stroke Rehabilitation Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ (O.B.).

Stroke
|October 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Delirium and spatial neglect (SN) after right-hemisphere stroke are linked to altered brain network connectivity. This suggests abnormal function in attention and arousal networks impacts cognitive recovery post-stroke.

Keywords:
MRI, functionalattentionbasal gangliadeliriumincidenceischemic strokeprevalence

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neurology
  • Stroke Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Delirium impairs cognitive function and stroke recovery.
  • Right-hemisphere strokes are associated with higher delirium rates, often due to spatial neglect (SN).
  • This study investigates the neural basis of delirium and SN in right-hemisphere stroke patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if delirium and SN symptoms correlate with abnormal function in right-hemisphere attention, orientation, and arousal networks.
  • To explore the neural underpinnings of cognitive deficits following right-hemisphere stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Functional neuroimaging (functional connectivity) was used in 29 acute rehabilitation patients with right-hemisphere ischemic stroke.
  • Connectivity of 4 right-hemisphere arousal and attention network seed regions was analyzed.
  • Relationships between network connectivity and validated measures of delirium and spatial neglect severity were assessed.

Main Results:

  • 21% of patients had delirium; 55% had spatial neglect.
  • Reduced connectivity from the right basal forebrain to the brainstem and basal ganglia correlated with more severe SN.
  • Increased connectivity between arousal/attention networks and the unaffected hemisphere's parietal, frontal, and temporal regions was observed in patients with higher delirium and SN severity.

Conclusions:

  • Delirium and SN in stroke patients are associated with reduced arousal network activity.
  • An imbalance in cortico-subcortical hemispheric connectivity is linked to these conditions.
  • Understanding these neural correlates can inform the development of neuroscience-based treatments for post-stroke cognitive disorders.