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Esophageal Duplication Cysts in 97 Adult Patients: A Systematic Review
Mauricio Gonzalez-Urquijo1, David Eugenio Hinojosa-Gonzalez2, Diana Paola Padilla-Armendariz2
1Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto O 3000, Nuevo León, 64710, Monterrey, México. mauriciogzzu@gmail.com.
World Journal of Surgery
|October 10, 2021
Summary
Esophageal duplication cysts are rare congenital malformations. Most symptomatic patients present with dysphagia, chest pain, or weight loss, and surgical treatment is common, with minimally invasive approaches leading to shorter hospital stays.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Pediatric Surgery
- Congenital Malformations
Background:
- Esophageal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies arising from faulty esophageal development.
- They represent 20% of all gastrointestinal duplication cysts, often affecting the distal esophagus.
- Symptoms are typically related to cyst size and location.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a systematic review of reported cases of esophageal duplication cysts.
- To analyze patient demographics, clinical presentation, and treatment outcomes.
- To evaluate the impact of cyst characteristics and treatment modalities on patient management.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Data extraction and pooled analysis of 97 reported case reports.
- Descriptive and statistical analysis of patient data.
Main Results:
- The study included 97 patients (52.5% male, 47.5% female), with a mean age of 42.3 years.
- Distal esophageal cysts were most prevalent, and 81.4% of patients were symptomatic (dysphagia, chest pain, cough, weight loss).
- Surgical treatment (75%) was more common than conservative management (15.5%); thoracotomy and VATS were employed. Minimally invasive surgery resulted in shorter hospital stays.
Conclusions:
- Esophageal duplication cysts are rare in adults, predominantly in the distal esophagus, with larger cysts causing more symptoms.
- Effective surgical treatments exist, with minimally invasive procedures offering shorter hospital stays.
- Cyst location did not influence symptoms or treatment, and conservative treatment frequency did not differ significantly between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.
