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Vaccination coverage among young homeless children compared to US national immunization survey data

Linda Y Fu1, Rachel Torres2, Susan Caleb2

  • 1Goldberg Center for Community Pediatric Health, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Center for Translational Science, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA.

Vaccine
|October 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Vaccination coverage for homeless children in Washington D.C. is significantly lower than for other children, including those in poverty. This highlights a critical need for targeted vaccination programs for this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Comprehensive vaccination coverage among homeless children in the U.S. is largely unknown.
  • Previous studies suggest low coverage with single vaccinations in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the vaccination coverage of a combined 7-vaccine series among homeless children in Washington D.C. (DC) to other U.S. children.
  • To assess the risk of under-vaccination in children experiencing homelessness.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey of 135 homeless children aged 19-35 months in DC from 2018-2019.
  • Vaccination records were obtained from healthcare providers.
  • Coverage was compared to the 2018 National Immunization Survey (NIS) data for DC children, U.S. children, and U.S. children in poverty.

Main Results:

  • Only 52.6% of homeless children in DC were up to date on their 7-vaccine series.
  • This coverage was significantly lower (11.5-20.4 percentage points) than national estimates for all U.S. children, DC children, and children in poverty.
  • Even after adjusting for age and race/ethnicity, DC homeless children had lower coverage than U.S. children in poverty.

Conclusions:

  • Children experiencing homelessness are at heightened risk of under-vaccination compared to children in poverty.
  • Targeted vaccination delivery support is crucial for children experiencing homelessness.
  • Increased awareness of this risk can inform public health interventions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Child healthHomeless childrenImmunizationPovertyPublic assistanceSocial welfare

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