Biliary-Caval Fistula following Y90 Radioembolization

The safety of radioembolization with yttrium-90 ( ⁹⁰ Y) is well documented and major complications are rare. Previous studies have demonstrated that biliary complications following ⁹⁰ Y, including bile duct injury and hepatic abscess formation, occur at an increased rate in patients who have had prior biliary surgery and interventions. This article reviews a case of a patient who developed recurrent cholangitis and sepsis as well as a biliary-caval fistula following radioembolization. Additionally, we review current data regarding biliary complications following radioembolization in patients with prior biliary intervention.