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Reliability and Validity

Reliability and Validity

Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Quantitative Static and Dynamic Assessment of Balance Control in Stroke Patients

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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Y-Balance Test Lower Quarter: Reliability, Discriminant Validity, and

Phillip Plisky¹, Katherine Schwartkopf-Phifer², Bethany Huebner¹

¹Physical Therapy, University of Evansville; ProRehab-PC.

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy

|October 11, 2021

Summary

The Y-Balance Test Lower Quarter (YBT-LQ) reliably assesses dynamic neuromuscular control. Performance varies by sex and sport, and general cutoffs may not predict injury risk effectively.

Keywords:

dynamic balance single leg balance star excursion balance test y-balance test lower quarter

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Sports Medicine
Neuromuscular Control

Background:

Dynamic neuromuscular control deficits are linked to post-injury issues and increased injury risk.
The Y-Balance Test Lower Quarter (YBT-LQ) is a key tool for identifying these deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the reliability of the YBT-LQ.
To determine if YBT-LQ performance differs across populations (sex, sport, competition level).
To assess the YBT-LQ's validity in predicting injury risk based on asymmetry, reach direction, or composite scores.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of 10 online databases.
Inclusion of studies using the YBT-LQ for dynamic single-leg balance assessment.
Methodological quality assessed using modified Downs and Black and Newcastle-Ottawa scales.

Main Results:

Moderate to high reliability (intra-rater: 0.85-0.91) was found for the YBT-LQ.
Significant sex differences in posteromedial and posterolateral reach directions were observed.
Composite scores differed between soccer, baseball, and basketball players, indicating sport-specific variations.

Conclusions:

The YBT-LQ is a reliable measure of dynamic neuromuscular control.
Interpreting YBT-LQ results requires consideration of population-specific factors like age, sex, and sport.
General YBT-LQ cutoffs may not accurately predict injury risk without considering these individual differences.