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COVID-19 Vaccination and Glomerulonephritis.
Nattawat Klomjit1,2, Mariam Priya Alexander3, Fernando C Fervenza1
1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Kidney International Reports
|October 11, 2021
Summary
mRNA COVID-19 vaccines may trigger new or relapsing glomerulonephritis (GN). This case series highlights IgA nephropathy (IgAN) as a common form, with most patients responding to treatment.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- mRNA COVID-19 vaccines offer superior immune activation compared to traditional vaccines.
- Limited data exists on mRNA COVID-19 vaccine's impact on new or relapsing glomerulonephritis (GN).
- This study investigates the occurrence of GN following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case series of patients who developed new or relapsing GN after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
- To analyze the characteristics and outcomes of these patients.
- To understand the potential link between mRNA vaccination and GN development.
Main Methods:
- Evaluation of baseline characteristics, vaccine type, and clinical outcomes.
- Retrospective analysis of 13 patients with new or relapsing GN post-mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
- Review of medical records and diagnostic findings.
Main Results:
- Eight new GN diagnoses and five relapses were observed in 13 patients.
- IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was the most frequent type (38%), followed by membranous nephropathy (MN) (23%).
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurred in 77% of patients, with favorable treatment responses (80%).
Conclusions:
- New-onset and relapsing GN can occur shortly after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
- IgA nephropathy may be unmasked by vaccine-induced immune activation.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and long-term implications.
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