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Hajj and Umrah management during COVID-19
Sarah Basahel1, Abdullah Alsabban1, Mohammad Yamin1
1Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Insights
Organizing large public gatherings during pandemics like COVID-19 requires new crowd management strategies. This review examines past events and proposes a framework for safe future events.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Event Management
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the organization of crowded events globally.
- Religious gatherings constitute a majority of crowded events, often involving strong emotions and sensitivities.
- Managing crowds during pandemics presents challenges due to the risk of human-to-human transmission.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review crowded events held during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- To investigate the role of these events in spreading or containing the virus.
- To develop a framework for organizing safe crowded events during pandemics.
Main Methods:
- Review of documented crowded events during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Analysis of event impacts on disease transmission.
- Development of a policy and practice framework for pandemic crowd management.
Main Results:
- Crowded events, particularly spontaneous ones like protests, pose significant challenges for disease control.
- Adherence to restrictions (masks, distancing, sanitation) is crucial but difficult to enforce.
- Analysis of specific events highlights their varied contributions to disease spread or containment.
Conclusions:
- Existing policies for crowd management require significant overhaul for pandemic scenarios.
- A proactive framework is essential for organizing safe crowded events during current and future pandemics.
- Effective crowd management balances public health imperatives with the societal need for gatherings.
Abstract:
COVID-19 has changed the way crowded events are organised. Every year thousands of crowded events are organised around the globe. Majority of the crowded events are religious in nature, with sensitivities and emotions attached. Organisation of crowded events, especially during a pandemic like COVID-19, poses a considerable challenge. To contain the spread of a human to human contagious disease, several restrictions, including wearing face masks, maintain social distancing, and adhering to regular cleaning and sanitisation, are critical. These restrictions stress the need for the event organisers, including the local or central government, to overhaul policies and practices about crowd management during a pandemic. Some crowded events are regular, whereas the others are occasional, which could be spontaneous such as a protest march, a political rally or a funeral procession. Controlling spontaneous crowded events can be quite difficult, especially during a crisis like COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, we shall review several crowded events which have taken place during the ongoing pandemic and investigate their impact and contribution in the spreading or containing COVID-19. We shall also provide a framework for effectively organising crowded events during the ongoing and future pandemics.
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