Phonosurgery: A review of current methodologies.

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Phonosurgery
• Surgical Technology

Background:

• Cold steel instruments have historically been the primary tool for phonosurgery.
• Advancements in surgical laser technology have introduced new applications and improved outcomes.
• Emerging modalities like photodynamic therapy and cryotherapy offer alternative treatment options.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare cold steel, surgical lasers, phototherapy, and cryotherapy as phonosurgical modalities.
• To elucidate the mechanism of action for each treatment modality.
• To describe the tissue effects and typical clinical applications of each modality.

Main Methods:

• Comparative review of existing literature.
• Analysis of phonosurgical techniques and technologies.
• Synthesis of data on mechanisms, tissue effects, and uses.

Main Results:

• Cold steel offers precise cutting but can cause mechanical trauma.
• Surgical lasers provide precise ablation and coagulation with varying tissue effects.
• Photodynamic therapy and cryotherapy present non-thermal or minimally invasive approaches.

Conclusions:

• Each phonosurgical modality offers distinct advantages and disadvantages.
• The choice of modality depends on the specific laryngeal condition and desired outcome.
• Understanding these diverse techniques is crucial for optimizing voice surgery.