Ultrasound for malrotation and volvulus - point

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Radiology
• Gastrointestinal Imaging
• Emergency Medicine

Background:

• Upper gastrointestinal series is the standard for diagnosing malrotation and midgut volvulus.
• Ultrasound (US) is emerging as a viable alternative, particularly for neonates.
• US offers advantages in accuracy, learning curve, and convenience.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review evidence supporting emergency US for diagnosing midgut volvulus.
• To evaluate US as a problem-solving tool for malrotation.
• To describe examination techniques and findings for US in these conditions.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing evidence on ultrasound for malrotation and midgut volvulus.
• Description of ultrasound examination techniques.
• Analysis of normal and abnormal ultrasound findings.

Main Results:

• Ultrasound demonstrates good accuracy for diagnosing midgut volvulus and malrotation.
• Key diagnostic signs include the whirlpool sign and SMA cutoff.
• US is convenient for patients and staff in neonatal intensive care units.

Conclusions:

• Emergency ultrasound is a reliable primary diagnostic tool for midgut volvulus.
• Ultrasound serves as an effective problem-solving method for malrotation.
• US is a practical and accurate imaging modality for pediatric gastrointestinal emergencies.