[Cognitive impairment during the COVID-19- social isolation period]

The COVID-19 social isolation period entailed changes in daily habits and routines, testing the adjustment abilities of the population to address unusual situations. Given that the activities of daily living require a normally functioning cognitive system, the study of cognitive-functional interaction under social isolation is relevant. The object of this work was to obtain information on the cognitive-functional impact of social isolation, analyze the changes induced in daily routines and habits, and assess the cognitive adjustment of the adult population to the isolation requirements. We carried out an online adult population survey, that combined multiple choice or binary questions following a Likert ordinal scale, performing a percentage analysis as well as a principal component analysis of the results. We surveyed 1095 subjects, 68% of which were residents of the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area (AMBA), of an average age of 52.7 ± 12.8 years, and 15.6 ± 2.2 years of education. All age groups reported attention and memory impairment, more significant in lower age groups and women. The principal component analysis showed an associated correlation of the functional challenge brought about by social isolation on the executive system, with the negative impact on cognitive functions such as attention and memory. Social isolation significantly impacted on the attentional, mnesic and executive cognitive systems, ratifying the role of cognitive abilities in the generation of means and strategies to overcome unusual situations, and highlighting the importance of cognitive-functional interaction.