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Toward closed-loop drug delivery: Integrating wearable technologies with transdermal drug delivery systems
Jyothsna Manikkath1, J Anand Subramony2
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India.
Abstract:
The recent advancement and prevalence of wearable technologies and their ability to make digital measurements of vital signs and wellness parameters have triggered a new paradigm in the management of diseases. Drug delivery as a function of stimuli or response from wearable, closed-loop systems can offer real-time on-demand or preprogrammed drug delivery capability and offer total management of disease states. Here we review the key opportunities in this space for development of closed-loop systems, given the advent of digital wearable technologies. Particular considerations and focus are given to closed-loop systems combined with transdermal drug delivery technologies.
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