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Plasma Levels of Apelinergic System Components in Patients with Chronic and Acute Coronary Syndromes-A Pilot Study

Dorota Diakowska1, Rafal Wyderka2, Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka3

  • 1Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, Bartla 5, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Apelin (AP) and elabela (ELA) levels are altered in coronary artery disease (CAD). Lower AP-17 and ELA were found in chronic coronary syndromes (CCS), while acute coronary syndromes (ACS) showed increased levels, suggesting a compensatory response.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The apelinergic system, including apelin (AP) and elabela (ELA), plays a role in cardiovascular homeostasis.
  • The specific involvement of ELA and AP in coronary artery disease (CAD) remains largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate plasma levels of AP, ELA, and the APJ receptor in patients with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
  • To investigate the relationship between apelinergic system peptides and clinical/biochemical markers in CAD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma levels of ELA, AP-17, AP-13, and APJ receptor were measured in 114 CAD patients (30 CCS, 84 ACS) and 33 healthy controls.
  • Echocardiographic data were collected and analyzed for all participants.
  • Routine laboratory tests were performed to assess biochemical markers.

Main Results:

  • AP-17 and ELA levels were significantly lower in CCS patients compared to healthy controls and ACS patients.
  • ACS patients exhibited significantly increased plasma levels of ELA and AP-17 compared to healthy controls and CCS patients, indicating potential compensatory up-regulation.
  • Circulating ELA and AP-17 levels correlated with biochemical markers of ischemia and left ventricular ejection fraction.

Conclusions:

  • The apelinergic system, particularly ELA and AP-17, shows altered expression patterns in different stages of coronary artery disease.
  • These alterations may reflect compensatory mechanisms in response to cardiac ischemia and dysfunction.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the therapeutic potential of the apelinergic system in CAD management.

Keywords:
acute coronary syndromeapelinergic systemchronic coronary syndromecoronary artery disease

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