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Updated: Oct 17, 2025

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
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[Therapy concepts for thyroid carcinoma].

Friederike Eilsberger1, Michael C Kreissl2, Markus Luster1

  • 1Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Nuklearmedizin. Nuclear Medicine
|October 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Theranostics targeting the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) are effective for differentiated thyroid cancer. However, radioiodine-refractory thyroid carcinomas (RRTC) lack NIS, necessitating novel theranostic targets like SSTR or PSMA for future treatment evaluation.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Radiopharmacology

Background:

  • Theranostics utilizing the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) represent a key strategy in differentiated thyroid carcinoma management.
  • The shared uptake and kinetics of diagnostic and therapeutic radioisotopes make NIS a crucial theranostic target in this cancer type.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the limitations of NIS-based theranostics in radioiodine-refractory thyroid carcinomas (RRTC).
  • To investigate alternative theranostic targets for RRTC, addressing the lack of NIS expression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current theranostic approaches for differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
  • Analysis of emerging theranostic targets, including somatostatin receptors (SSTR) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), in the context of RRTC.

Main Results:

  • Radioiodine-refractory thyroid carcinomas (RRTC) exhibit reduced or absent NIS expression, rendering traditional NIS-targeted theranostics ineffective.
  • Emerging strategies involve targeting alternative receptors such as SSTR and PSMA in RRTC.

Conclusions:

  • The development of novel theranostic targets is essential for treating radioiodine-refractory thyroid carcinomas.
  • Further research is required to evaluate the clinical efficacy and prospects of SSTR- and PSMA-based theranostics in RRTC.