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Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

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The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
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Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus

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Spinal Vascular Shunts: A Patterned Approach.

M P Kona¹, K Buch², J Singh³

¹From the Division of Neuroradiology (M.P.K.), Department of Radiology, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia mpkona@gmail.com.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology

|October 15, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal vascular shunts are rare lesions with four main types. Early diagnosis through imaging is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.

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An In Vivo Duo-color Method for Imaging Vascular Dynamics Following Contusive Spinal Cord Injury

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Published on: December 31, 2017

Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Vascular Surgery

Background:

Spinal vascular shunts, including arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), are uncommon and intricate vascular abnormalities.
Several classification systems exist, with the most prevalent categorizing them into four types: Type I (dural AVFs), Type II (intramedullary glomus AVMs), Type III (juvenile/metameric AVMs), and Type IV (intradural perimedullary AVFs).

Purpose of the Study:

To review the classification, imaging characteristics, and diagnostic considerations of spinal vascular shunts.
To emphasize the importance of radiologist recognition for early diagnosis and intervention.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature and imaging modalities for spinal vascular shunts.
Discussion of Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging and angiography techniques.
Highlighting Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) as the gold standard for vascular anatomy delineation and treatment planning.

Main Results:

Spinal vascular shunts are rare and complex, with a widely adopted 4-type classification system.
MR imaging and angiography provide detailed assessment, while DSA is essential for precise anatomical detail and surgical planning.
Diagnostic features can mimic more common spinal pathologies, underscoring the need for radiologist expertise.

Conclusions:

Accurate classification and detailed imaging assessment are vital for managing spinal vascular shunts.
Radiologists play a critical role in identifying these rare lesions, potentially leading to earlier treatment and better patient outcomes.
Early recognition and intervention in spinal vascular shunts can significantly improve patient prognosis.