Anterior segment optical coherence tomography findings in leukemic iris infiltration

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Hematology
• Oncology

Background:

• Primary iris infiltration by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is exceptionally rare.
• Clinical manifestations include blurred vision, conjunctival injection, anterior chamber reaction, pseudohypopyon, and iris changes.
• Optimal treatment strategies for leukemic iris infiltration remain undefined.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) findings in a patient with diffuse B-cell ALL and iris infiltration.
• To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal methotrexate in treating leukemic iris infiltration.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 21-year-old male with diffuse B-cell ALL.
• Utilized anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to assess iris infiltration.
• Administered intravitreal methotrexate for treatment.

Main Results:

• AS-OCT revealed characteristic findings of leukemic infiltration in the iris.
• The patient achieved successful treatment outcomes following intravitreal methotrexate administration.
• No significant complications were reported post-treatment.

Conclusions:

• Leukemic iris infiltration, though rare, can occur in diffuse B-cell ALL.
• Intravitreal methotrexate demonstrates promise as a successful treatment modality for this condition.
• AS-OCT is a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring iris leukemic infiltration.