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Related Concept Videos

Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles01:13

Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles

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Skeletal muscle cells, also called muscle fibers, are distinctly elongated, multi-nucleated, slender biological units. They are packed with specialized structures designed to facilitate their primary function, which is contraction.
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Structure and Organization of Smooth Muscles01:13

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Smooth muscle tissue is a type of muscle tissue that can be found lining various vital organs in the human body, including the lungs, blood vessels, digestive tract, and respiratory tract. This type of tissue is responsible for regulating the movements of these organs, playing crucial roles in the functioning of various systems, including the vascular, digestive, respiratory, and urinary systems.
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Overview of Skeletal Muscle01:15

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Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
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Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscles01:20

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Excitation-contraction coupling is a series of events that occur between generating an action potential and initiating a muscle contraction. It occurs at the triad, a structure found in skeletal muscle fibers that comprise a T-tubule and terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum on each side. These triads are visible in longitudinally sectioned muscle fibers. They are typically located at the A-I junction — the junction between the A and I bands of the sarcomere.
When an action...
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Actin and Myosin in Muscle Contraction01:16

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Actin and myosin are contractile proteins that form the sarcomere found in skeletal muscle tissues for regulating muscle contraction. Actin, a globular contractile protein, interacts with myosin for muscle contraction. The skeletal tissue appears striped or striated under a microscope due to the repeated arrangement of contractile proteins actin and myosin along the length of myofibrils. Dark A bands and light I bands repeat along myofibrils, and the alignment of myofibrils in the cell causes...
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Fascicle Arrangement in Skeletal Muscles01:25

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Fascicles are bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle. Muscle fascicle arrangement is directly associated with the power and range of motion of various muscles. The configuration of these fascicles can vary, leading to different functional outcomes.
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X-ray Diffraction of Intact Murine Skeletal Muscle as a Tool for Studying the Structural Basis of Muscle Disease
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Spin echo formation in muscle tissue.

L T Rotkopf1,2, E Wehrse1,2, T Kampf3,4

  • 1Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

Physical Review. E
|October 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel numerical method for precisely modeling spin echo signals in muscle tissue MRI. The new approach accurately captures magnetization dynamics and relaxation rates, improving microstructural modeling.

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Biophysics
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Accurate microstructural modeling of muscle tissue using MRI requires precise determination of spin echo signal evolution and transverse relaxation rates.
  • Existing methods often rely on approximations for spin echo problems, limiting numerical exactness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a numerically exact method for modeling spin echo signal dynamics in muscle tissue.
  • To accurately determine transverse relaxation rates for improved microstructural analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Discretized the radial dimension of the Bloch-Torrey equation.
  • Expanded angular dependency using even Chebyshev polynomials.
  • Expressed time-dependent magnetization as a closed-form matrix expression.

Main Results:

  • Achieved numerically exact modeling of spin echo signal dynamics and magnetization.
  • Obtained transverse relaxation rates showing high concordance with random walker and finite-element simulations.
  • Demonstrated that the strong collision approximation underestimates true values for smaller diffusion coefficients.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides a numerically exact solution for spin echo signal dynamics in muscle tissue.
  • The findings challenge the accuracy of the strong collision approximation in certain diffusion regimes.
  • Experimental validation on mouse limb muscle confirmed theoretical predictions of angular dependence in relaxation rates.