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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Optical Networking
  • Data Center Technology

Background:

  • Moore's Law slowdown necessitates new network scaling solutions for data centers.
  • Electrical packet switches face challenges with increasing data rates and power consumption.
  • Optical circuit switches (OCS) offer a passive, fault-tolerant, and energy-efficient alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate ultrafast optical circuit switching for dynamic data center workloads.
  • To achieve nanosecond-timescale wavelength switching critical for efficient network operation.
  • To provide a path towards scalable and energy-efficient wavelength-switched data center networks.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an ultrafast OCS utilizing a silicon nitride (Si3N4) microcomb.
  • Employed a photonic integrated circuit with an Indium phosphide (InP) based semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) array.
  • Integrated SOAs with an arrayed waveguide grating for wavelength switching.

Main Results:

  • Achieved sub-nanosecond (<520 ps) switching with the Si3N4 microcomb.
  • Demonstrated 25-Gbps non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and 50-Gbps four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) burst mode transmission.
  • Showcased sub-nanosecond (<900 ps) switching with the InP SOA array and arrayed waveguide grating for 25-Gbps NRZ burst transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrafast OCS based on microcombs and SOAs can meet nanosecond switching demands.
  • This technology offers a scalable and energy-efficient solution for future data center networks.
  • The demonstrated photonic integrated approach paves the way for post-Moore's Law data center networking.