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Related Experiment Video

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Problem-solving training modifies cognitive functioning and related functional connectivity in healthy adults.

Béatrice Alescio-Lautier1, Caroline Chambon1, Claire Deshayes1

  • 1Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, NeuroMarseille InCiam, Marseille, France.

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation
|October 18, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive training using complex problem-solving enhances innovative thinking by improving cognitive flexibility. This approach also alters brain connectivity, suggesting a neuroplastic effect of targeted cognitive interventions.

Keywords:
Problem-solving trainingflexibilitygraph theoryinnovative thinkingresting state

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Cognitive functions change throughout life, and engaging activities can maintain or improve them.
  • Innovative thinking is a crucial skill that can be potentially enhanced through targeted interventions.
  • Understanding the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying innovative thinking is essential for developing effective training programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a cognitive training program based on complex problem-solving on innovative thinking.
  • To examine the relationship between specific cognitive abilities (inhibition, cognitive flexibility, reasoning) and innovative thinking.
  • To explore changes in brain connectivity associated with problem-solving training using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Main Methods:

  • Partial least squares variance-based structural equation modeling was used to analyze cognitive data in 83 healthy adults.
  • A cognitive training group (n=16) engaged in complex problem-solving, while a control group (n=15) completed crossword puzzles.
  • A pilot fMRI study assessed resting-state brain connectivity changes before and after the training intervention.

Main Results:

  • Innovative thinking was linked to reasoning in control subjects, but to cognitive flexibility after problem-solving training.
  • The problem-solving training group showed modifications in resting-state connectivity within attention, default mode, and visual networks.
  • These results suggest that cognitive training influences how individuals recruit and utilize cognitive processes for innovative thinking.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive interventions centered on complex problem-solving can effectively promote innovative thinking.
  • Training enhances innovative thinking by shifting the reliance from reasoning to cognitive flexibility.
  • Observed changes in brain network connectivity indicate neuroplastic adaptations resulting from the cognitive training.