Dislocation-Driven Relaxation Processes at the Conical to Helical Phase Transition in FeGe

The formation of topological spin textures at the nanoscale has a significant impact on the long-range order and dynamical response of magnetic materials. We study the relaxation mechanisms at the conical-to-helical phase transition in the chiral magnet FeGe. By combining macroscopic ac susceptibility measurement, surface-sensitive magnetic force microscopy, and micromagnetic simulations, we demonstrate how the motion of magnetic topological defects, here edge dislocations, impacts the local formation of a stable helimagnetic spin structure. Although the simulations show that the edge dislocations can move with a velocity up to 100 m/s through the helimagnetic background, their dynamics are observed to disturb the magnetic order on the time scale of minutes due to randomly distributed pinning sites. The results corroborate the substantial impact of dislocation motions on the nanoscale spin structure in chiral magnets, revealing previously hidden effects on the formation of helimagnetic domains and domain walls.