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[Droghe d'abuso e rene].

Giuliano Boscutti1, Vittorio Di Maso2, Alessandra Marega1

  • 1Struttura Operativa Complessa di Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto Renale Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia di Udine, Udine, Italy.

Giornale Italiano Di Nefrologia : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Nefrologia
|October 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This case study highlights acute kidney injury in a patient using methadone for heroin addiction. It reviews drug-induced nephrotoxicity, noting the rise of synthetic drugs like cathinones and cannabinoids, posing diagnostic challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Toxicology
  • Forensic Medicine

Background:

  • Opioid use disorder and its treatment with methadone are common.
  • Drug abuse can lead to significant renal complications.
  • Emerging synthetic drugs present new challenges in toxicology.

Observation:

  • A case of acute renal failure requiring dialysis in a patient on chronic methadone therapy for heroin addiction is presented.
  • This case prompts a review of renal effects associated with various drugs of abuse.
  • A notable shift from traditional drugs (marijuana, cocaine, heroin, amphetamine) to novel synthetic substances (cathinones, cannabinoids) is observed.

Findings:

  • Synthetic cathinones and cannabinoids are increasingly prevalent due to widespread availability, ease of procurement, and lack of regulation.
Keywords:
Acute Kidney Injuryacute renal failureillicit drugsrhabdomyolysis

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  • These novel psychoactive substances pose significant challenges for analytical identification.
  • The nephrotoxic potential of these emerging drugs requires careful consideration.

    • Implications:

    • Nephrologists must be vigilant in diagnosing drug-induced kidney injury.
    • Diagnostic approaches should include a broad search for potential causative substances, including novel synthetic drugs.
    • Understanding the evolving landscape of drug abuse is crucial for effective patient management and public health strategies.