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Health related factors contributing to COVID-19 fatality rates in various communities across the world

Jamal Kareem Shakor1, Rawand Abdulrahman Isa2, Muhammed Babakir-Mina3

  • 1Nursing Department, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani, KGR, Iraq.

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
|October 20, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Comorbidity, age, and male gender significantly increase COVID-19 fatality rates. Understanding these factors is crucial for managing the pandemic and implementing effective preventive measures.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents varying severity and fatality rates.
  • Demographic and comorbidity factors significantly influence patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fatality rate of COVID-19 based on comorbidity, age, gender, and laboratory markers.
  • To analyze epidemiological reasons for high morbidity and mortality in different countries.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies published between December 2019 and September 2020.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, comorbidity prevalence, age, and gender distribution related to COVID-19 outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Comorbidity was a major factor in COVID-19 fatality, especially in the USA (93.9%) and Italy (68%).
  • Higher fatality rates were observed in individuals over 60 years old, with males constituting 60% of deaths.
  • Specific age groups (80-89) showed elevated fatality rates (e.g., 18.8% in Italy).
  • Laboratory findings like lymphocytopenia (91% of deaths) and elevated C-reactive protein (40-60%) were associated with severe cases.

Conclusions:

  • Comorbidity, advanced age, and male gender are key determinants of COVID-19 case fatality.
  • Adherence to preventive measures is recommended to mitigate the impact of the pandemic.
Abstract

Keywords:
CFRCOVID-19case fatality ratecomorbidityepidemiologyimmunology

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