Copper-induced Haemolytic Anaemia.

Area of Science:

• Toxicology
• Internal Medicine
• Emergency Medicine

Background:

• Acute copper toxicity is infrequent in Western nations.
• It typically results from accidental ingestion or suicide attempts.
• This case highlights a severe presentation following intentional ingestion of multiple substances.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of acute copper poisoning.
• To emphasize the diagnostic challenges and management strategies.
• To underscore the importance of early recognition and intervention.

Main Methods:

• A 65-year-old male presented after a suicide attempt involving ingestion of Bordeaux mixture, ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and bleach.
• Initial management focused on supportive care for caustic oesophagitis, toxic hepatitis, and acute renal injury.
• Diagnosis of copper poisoning was confirmed by elevated blood and urine copper levels, leading to chelation therapy.

Main Results:

• The patient developed non-immune hemolytic anemia during hospitalization.
• Treatment with penicillamine (chelation therapy) resulted in a favorable outcome after one month.
• Copper poisoning can be lethal if not promptly diagnosed and managed.

Conclusions:

• Early clinical suspicion and diagnosis are vital for reducing mortality in acute copper intoxication.
• Diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, urine and blood copper levels, and serum ceruloplasmin.
• Treatment encompasses reducing absorption, supportive care, managing complications, and chelation therapy.