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Peripheral airways involvement in children with asthma exacerbation
Maria Wawszczak1, Marek Kulus1, Joanna Peradzyńska2
1Department of Pediatric Pneumonology and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
The Clinical Respiratory Journal
|October 22, 2021
Summary
Peripheral airways play a key role in pediatric asthma, especially during exacerbations. These findings highlight the lung periphery as a crucial target for asthma therapy in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Asthma Pathophysiology
Background:
- Peripheral airways are implicated in asthma pathogenesis.
- Their specific contribution to pediatric asthma control and activity remains unclear.
- Acinar zone involvement in pediatric asthma requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess peripheral airway involvement in children with asthma exacerbation and stable asthma.
- To utilize various pulmonary function tests for comprehensive evaluation.
- To clarify the role of the lung periphery in pediatric asthma.
Main Methods:
- Spirometry, body plethysmography, exhaled nitric oxide, impulse oscillometry (IOS), and multiple-breath washout (MBW) were performed.
- Study included children with asthma exacerbation (n=20) and stable asthma (n=22).
- Comparative analysis of pulmonary function tests between groups.
Main Results:
- Peripheral airway function indexes were elevated in children with asthma, particularly during exacerbation.
- Higher prevalence of abnormal results, including conductive and acinar ventilation inhomogeneity, was noted in asthma exacerbation.
- Air trapping was observed in 36% of children with acute asthma.
Conclusions:
- Peripheral airways are significantly involved in pediatric asthma, especially during exacerbations.
- The lung periphery emerges as a critical therapeutic target in pediatric asthma.
- Findings offer new insights into the pathophysiology of childhood asthma.
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