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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

18.6K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
18.6K
Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

2.5K
Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
943
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

453
Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
453
Viscosity01:17

Viscosity

6.4K
When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
The SI unit of viscosity is...
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Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid01:09

Deriving the Speed of Sound in a Liquid

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As with waves on a string, the speed of sound or a mechanical wave in a fluid depends on the fluid's elastic modulus and inertia. The two relevant physical quantities are the bulk modulus and the density of the material. Indeed, it turns out that the relationship between speed and the bulk modulus and density in fluids is the same as that between the speed and the Young's modulus and density in solids.
The speed of sound in fluids can be derived by considering a mechanical wave...
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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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Jamming Distance Dictates Colloidal Shear Thickening.

Shravan Pradeep1, Mohammad Nabizadeh2, Alan R Jacob1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|October 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surface roughness in colloidal suspensions significantly impacts shear thickening behavior. Rougher particles require fewer contacts to achieve the same thickening strength due to enhanced geometric friction.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Colloidal suspensions exhibit shear thickening, a phenomenon where viscosity increases with shear rate.
  • Understanding the role of particle interactions and network dynamics is crucial for predicting suspension behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of particle surface roughness on the dynamic contact networks in shear-thickening colloidal suspensions.
  • To correlate shear thickening strength with particle contact number, jamming distance, and surface morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observations using confocal rheometry.
  • Computational modeling via dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations.

Main Results:

  • Shear thickening strength (β) exhibits an exponential scaling with scaled deficit contact number and scaled jamming distance.
  • Rough colloids require 1.5-2 fewer contacts than smooth colloids for equivalent shear thickening strength.
  • Surface roughness enhances geometric friction, reducing free volume changes near the jamming point for rough colloids.

Conclusions:

  • Particle surface roughness is a critical factor modulating shear thickening in colloidal suspensions.
  • The force per contact varies between particles with different surface morphologies.
  • Findings provide insights into designing and controlling the rheological properties of concentrated suspensions.