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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

2.4K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
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Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

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Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
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Absorption of Radiation01:05

Absorption of Radiation

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The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
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Design and Implementation of Multiband Noncontact Temperature-Measuring Microwave Radiometer.

Guangmin Sun1, Jie Liu1, Jingyan Ma1

  • 1Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.

Micromachines
|October 23, 2021
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Summary

A new noncontact microwave radiometer system measures human core body temperature through clothing. This advanced system significantly improves temperature sensitivity and detection accuracy compared to previous methods.

Keywords:
high sensitivitymultibandmultilayer tissuesnovel interferometric microwave radiometer

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics
  • Non-invasive Sensing

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of human core body temperature is crucial for medical diagnostics.
  • Existing non-contact methods often face challenges with clothing interference and limited depth penetration.
  • Multilayer human tissue exhibits complex electromagnetic properties affecting temperature sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multiband noncontact microwave radiometer system for measuring human core body temperature.
  • To enhance measurement accuracy and sensitivity for multilayer human tissues.
  • To overcome limitations of clothing and improve non-invasive temperature monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a multiband microwave radiometer system operating at 4-6 GHz, 8-12 GHz, 12-16 GHz, and 14-18 GHz.
  • Utilized a small, highly directional multiband angular horn antenna for enhanced signal reception.
  • Proposed a novel hardware architecture for a microwave interferometric temperature-measuring radiometer.

Main Results:

  • The interferometric radiometer demonstrated reduced error uncertainty compared to full-power systems.
  • Achieved a maximum detection sensitivity of 215 mV/dBm and temperature sensitivity of 0.047 K/mV.
  • Detection sensitivity improved 7.45-fold and temperature sensitivity 13.89-fold over full-power radiometers.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multiband microwave interferometric radiometer offers a highly sensitive and accurate noncontact method for human core temperature measurement.
  • The system effectively measures temperature through clothing, applicable to epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissues.
  • This technology presents a significant advancement in non-invasive physiological monitoring.