Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

519
Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is...
519
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

469
Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
469
Laminar Flow01:27

Laminar Flow

1.4K
Laminar flow represents a smooth, orderly fluid motion where particles move along parallel paths, resulting in minimal mixing between layers. Streamlined particle paths characterize this flow regime and occur under conditions where viscous forces dominate over inertial forces. The distinction between laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow is primarily determined by the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity calculated as:
1.4K
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

526
Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
526
Irrotational Flow01:28

Irrotational Flow

620
Irrotational flow is characterized by fluid motion where particles do not rotate around their axes, resulting in zero vorticity. For a flow to be irrotational, the curl of the velocity field must be zero. This imposes specific conditions on velocity gradients. For instance, to maintain zero rotation about the z-axis, the gradient condition:
620
Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

9.5K
Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...
9.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Team-based preconception care through collaboration between maternal-fetal medicine specialists and endocrinologists in women with diabetes.

BMC pregnancy and childbirth·2026
Same author

Real-world timing of early anticoagulation therapy in intracerebral hemorrhage patients with atrial fibrillation: An observational study.

Journal of the neurological sciences·2026
Same author

Genomic insights into photosymbiosis in giant clams and comparisons with coral strategies.

Current biology : CB·2026
Same author

A dataset for forty complete bacterial genome sequences in cultures of the toxic dinoflagellate <i>Ostreopsis</i> cf. <i>ovata</i>.

Data in brief·2026
Same author

Fetal Growth Outcomes in Early Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Managed Immediately After Diagnosis.

The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research·2026
Same author

Peritoneal catheter rupture in an obese patient with the peritoneal wall anchor technique.

CEN case reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 16, 2025

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

8.8K

Pattern Transition on Inertial Focusing of Neutrally Buoyant Particles Suspended in Rectangular Duct Flows.

Hiroshi Yamashita1, Takeshi Akinaga2, Masako Sugihara-Seki1

  • 1Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan.

Micromachines
|October 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Particle focusing in rectangular ducts depends on flow rate and duct shape. We mapped particle behavior, revealing distinct focusing patterns and transitions governed by fluid dynamics and bifurcations.

Keywords:
inertial lift forceparticle-focusing phenomenonparticle-laden flow

More Related Videos

Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics
12:26

Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics

Published on: August 27, 2013

17.4K
Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

Published on: February 22, 2018

8.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 16, 2025

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

8.8K
Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics
12:26

Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics

Published on: August 27, 2013

17.4K
Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

Published on: February 22, 2018

8.8K

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Microfluidics
  • Particle separation

Background:

  • Continuous separation and filtration of particles in fluid flows are crucial for various applications.
  • Predicting inertial focusing of particles in microfluidic duct flows is challenging due to complex phenomena influenced by duct shape and Reynolds number (Re).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the variation of inertial focusing with Reynolds number (Re) in rectangular duct flows.
  • To map lift forces and particle trajectories to identify focusing points within the duct cross-section.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation of lift force on spherical particles in rectangular ducts.
  • Determination of lift-force maps across a wide range of Re.
  • Estimation of particle trajectories using lift maps and Stokes drag.

Main Results:

  • For a duct aspect ratio of 2, blockage ratio significantly alters particle focusing patterns.
  • Below 0.3 blockage ratio, particles focus near long sides at low Re, shifting to both long and short sides at higher Re (subcritical pitchfork bifurcation).
  • Above 0.3 blockage ratio, an additional pattern emerges with focusing near long sides and intermediate positions near corners (saddle-node and supercritical pitchfork bifurcations).

Conclusions:

  • The study identifies three distinct particle focusing regimes in rectangular ducts.
  • Transitions between these regimes are characterized by specific bifurcations (saddle-node and pitchfork), dependent on Reynolds number and blockage ratio.