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Configurable 3D Printed Microfluidic Multiport Valves with Axial Compression.

Juliane Diehm1, Verena Hackert1, Matthias Franzreb1

  • 1Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.

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Summary

3D printing enables advanced microfluidic devices. This study develops a 3D-printed multiport injection valve with axial compression, achieving low leakage for enhanced analytical microfluidic systems.

Keywords:
digital light processing (DLP)polyjettingrapid prototypingrotatory valvesealing

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • 3D printing has transformed microfluidic chip fabrication, enabling complex designs and integrated components like pumps and valves.
  • Multiport injection valves are crucial for analytical microfluidic systems, reducing dead volume to improve resolution and detection limits.
  • Existing 3D-printed valves often use radial compression, unlike commercial valves that utilize axial compression for adjustable sealing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt the axial compression approach for 3D-printed multiport injection valves.
  • To compare the performance of two distinct 3D printing techniques and six sealing configurations.
  • To evaluate system tightness using optical inspection, weighing, and flow measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Development of 3D-printed multiport injection valves utilizing an axial compression design.
  • Comparative analysis of two printing techniques and six sealing strategies.
  • Leakage assessment through static and dynamic flow measurements, optical examination, and gravimetric analysis.

Main Results:

  • The developed 3D-printed valve demonstrates performance comparable to commercial and other 3D-printed valves.
  • No measurable leakage was observed in static conditions.
  • Dynamic conditions showed leakages below 0.5%, with potential for automated operation via stepper motor and scalability.

Conclusions:

  • The axial compression design is successfully transferred to 3D-printed multiport injection valves.
  • The developed valves offer a scalable, low-leakage solution for analytical microfluidic applications.
  • The design is adaptable to various printing methods and materials without modification.