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Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

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Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
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Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
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Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

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The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
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Venous Thromboembolism for the Practicing Cardiologist.

Abby M Pribish1, Eric A Secemsky2, Alec A Schmaier2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of ADM-Housestaff, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Deac 311, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Cardiology Clinics
|October 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This review covers managing venous thromboembolism (VTE), including pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Direct oral anticoagulants are now the preferred first-line treatment for VTE.

Keywords:
AnticoagulationDeep venous thrombosisPulmonary embolismThrombolysisVenous thromboembolism

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is a common clinical challenge.
  • Acute PE can manifest as a cardiovascular emergency, while DVT poses risks for acute and chronic vascular issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To equip cardiologists with the knowledge to manage VTE effectively.
  • To cover risk stratification, anticoagulation strategies, and reperfusion therapies for VTE.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current clinical guidelines and evidence regarding VTE management.
  • Focuses on clinical assessment, risk stratification using right ventricular dysfunction, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Clinical assessment and evaluation of right ventricular dysfunction are crucial for PE risk stratification.
  • Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are identified as the preferred first-line oral anticoagulation for VTE.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiologists should be proficient in managing VTE, from initial assessment to treatment.
  • DOACs represent a significant advancement in the first-line treatment of VTE, simplifying anticoagulation strategies.