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Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining of Four Endometrial Immune Cell Types in Recurrent Miscarriage
Published on: August 4, 2021
Cancer diagnosis among women with recurrent pregnancy loss: a retrospective cohort study
Adva Cahen-Peretz1, Jigal Haas2, Efrat Hadi2
1Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hadassah Mount Scopus Medical Center Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Jerusalem, Israel.
Research Question:
What is relationship between unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and risk of cancer morbidity?
Design:
A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted, based on data from a tertiary medical centre. RPL cases (exposed) were defined as women presenting with three or more unexplained confirmed pregnancy losses at 5-24 weeks, whose first visit to the RPL clinic was between 1990 and 2010. The unexposed group included women giving birth who were not RPL patients; these were matched by age and year of giving birth/admission (1:5 ratio). Data from the RPL and the live birth registries were cross-linked to the Israeli national cancer registry according to the unique ID number and merged into one database.
Results:
The study group comprised 937 RPL patients who were matched by maternal age (P = 1.0) and admission date (P = 0.84) to 4685 women achieving a live birth. There was no difference in overall cancer incidence between groups (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55-1.03; P = 0.08). The secondary RPL group showed a trend towards decreased cancer morbidity incidence compared with primary RPL (adjusted OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.41-1.03; P = 0.07). Analysis by cancer type showed a similar risk for breast cancer among women with RPL compared with live birth, but a significantly lower risk for gynaecological cancers among women with RPL (adjusted OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.08-0.79; P = 0.018).
Conclusions:
Unexplained RPL may be related to a lower risk of gynaecological cancers, possibly explained by hyper-responsive immunological mechanisms involving uterine natural killer cells.
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