New approach in SARS-CoV-2 surveillance using biosensor technology: a review

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Infectious Disease Surveillance

Background:

• Biosensors convert biological signals into measurable responses, crucial for early detection of infectious agents.
• Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) necessitates rapid and sensitive diagnostic tools for effective public health surveillance.
• Advancements in microfluidics and nanotechnology are driving the development of novel biosensor platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of biosensor principles and their application in SARS-CoV-2 surveillance.
• To highlight the scientific advancements and implementation strategies for biosensor-based diagnostics.
• To underscore the importance of various biosensor types in detecting SARS-CoV-2 for human health.

Main Methods:

• Review of scientific literature on biosensor technology for SARS-CoV-2 detection.
• Analysis of different biosensor platforms including Optical, Electrochemical, Piezoelectric, Microfluidic, Paper-based, Immunosensors, and Nano-Biosensors.
• Exploration of emerging technologies like smartphone and wearable biosensors.

Main Results:

• Biosensors demonstrate high sensitivity, selectivity, speed, and potential for on-site detection of SARS-CoV-2.
• Various biosensor types show significant promise for accurate and reliable SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.
• Integration of microfluidics and nanotechnology enhances biosensor performance and applicability.

Conclusions:

• Biosensors are vital tools for early SARS-CoV-2 detection, enabling effective surveillance and patient monitoring.
• Continued development of smartphone and wearable biosensors is crucial for combating the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
• Future research should focus on refining existing biosensor techniques and exploring novel approaches for improved diagnostics.