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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and COVID-19: interrelationships
Dave Singh1,2, Alexander G Mathioudakis1, Andrew Higham1
1Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust.
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) face worse outcomes from COVID-19 due to complex interactions. This review details mechanisms increasing SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and impacting COPD care.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COVID-19 share complex interrelationships.
- Understanding these interactions is crucial for managing patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide clinicians with an updated perspective on COPD and COVID-19 interactions.
- To elucidate mechanisms influencing SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical outcomes in COPD patients.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on COPD and COVID-19.
- Analysis of mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility in COPD.
- Examination of clinical outcomes and treatment implications.
Main Results:
- COPD patients exhibit increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Evidence indicates worse clinical outcomes for COPD patients with COVID-19, even after adjusting for confounders.
- Mechanisms include increased ACE2 expression, reduced antiviral defenses, and immune dysfunction.
Conclusions:
- COPD is associated with poorer COVID-19 outcomes due to specific biological mechanisms.
- The review discusses inhaled corticosteroid use and the impact of COVID-19 on COPD management.
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