Epidemiology of Viruses Causing Pediatric Community Acquired Pneumonia in Shanghai During 2010-2020: What Happened

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Fei Li1, Yuhan Zhang1, Peng Shi1

  • 1Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.

Infectious Diseases and Therapy
|October 25, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced respiratory virus detection in children with pneumonia in Shanghai. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus (PIV) were key pathogens before the pandemic.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Global COVID-19 outbreak led to reduced pediatric infectious disease visits.
  • Understanding changes in pediatric respiratory virus patterns is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Analyze trends of eight common respiratory viruses in children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Shanghai over 10 years.
  • Specifically assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic's first year on these virus detection rates.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 5544 hospitalized CAP cases (2010-2020).
  • Direct fluorescent antibody assays used to detect respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A/B, parainfluenza virus (PIV) 1-3, adenovirus (ADV), and human metapneumovirus.
  • Data analyzed for changes in virus prevalence, particularly in 2020.

Main Results:

  • 20.2% of CAP cases tested positive for the eight viruses.
  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus 3 (PIV3), and adenovirus (ADV) were the most common pathogens.
  • A sharp decline in virus detection occurred from February to August 2020, with a significant rebound in September after community reopening.

Conclusions:

  • RSV and PIV are significant pathogens causing CAP in Shanghai children.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrably impacted the detection rates of these key respiratory viruses in pediatric CAP cases.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19ChildrenPneumoniaRespiratory viruses

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