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Related Concept Videos

Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

3.7K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.7K
Translation in Prokaryotes01:29

Translation in Prokaryotes

393
Prokaryote translation is a complex, highly coordinated process that converts genetic information from mRNA into functional proteins. It involves three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination, each facilitated by specific molecular components.Initiation of TranslationThe process begins with the assembly of the ribosomal subunits and initiation factors on the mRNA. In bacteria, the 30S ribosomal subunit recognizes the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in the mRNA, a conserved region upstream of...
393
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.3K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.3K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

1.1K
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
1.1K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

23.8K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
23.8K
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

265
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
265

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Assessment of Selective mRNA Translation in Mammalian Cells by Polysome Profiling
10:00

Assessment of Selective mRNA Translation in Mammalian Cells by Polysome Profiling

Published on: October 28, 2014

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Analysis of mRNA Translation by Polysome Profiling.

Anne Cammas1,2, Pauline Herviou1,2, Leïla Dumas1,2

  • 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, Toulouse, France.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 25, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study details polysome profiling, a method to analyze mRNA translation and associated proteins. It helps understand how cells regulate protein production during disease.

Keywords:
Polysome profilingRibosomeTranslatomemRNA translation

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Polysome Profiling in Leishmania, Human Cells and Mouse Testis
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Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Assessment of Selective mRNA Translation in Mammalian Cells by Polysome Profiling
10:00

Assessment of Selective mRNA Translation in Mammalian Cells by Polysome Profiling

Published on: October 28, 2014

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Polysome Profiling in Leishmania, Human Cells and Mouse Testis
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Polysome Profiling in Leishmania, Human Cells and Mouse Testis

Published on: April 8, 2018

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Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling
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Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • mRNA translation is crucial for cellular proteome modulation in response to signals.
  • Polysome profiling offers comprehensive analysis of mRNA translation states and associated proteins.
  • Understanding translation regulation is vital in pathophysiological contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a laboratory procedure for polysome profiling.
  • To investigate molecular mechanisms of translation regulation.
  • To study translation under pathophysiological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed description of the polysome profiling technique.
  • Analysis of mRNA and protein complexes.
  • Application in disease models.

Main Results:

  • Provides a robust protocol for polysome profiling.
  • Enables detailed examination of translation regulation.
  • Facilitates insights into disease-related molecular mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Polysome profiling is an effective method for studying translation regulation.
  • The described procedure aids research into disease mechanisms.
  • This technique is valuable for understanding cellular responses to stress.