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Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
Published on: January 15, 2022
Simulation of blood flow in a sudden expansion channel and a coronary artery
Wei-Tao Wu1, Nadine Aubry2, James F Antaki3
1School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, J.S., 210094, China.
Abstract:
In this paper, we numerically simulate the flow of blood in two benchmark problems: the flow in a sudden expansion channel and the flow through an idealized curved coronary artery with pulsatile inlet velocity. Blood is modeled as a suspension (a non-linear complex fluid) and the movement of the red blood cell (RBCs) is modeled by using a concentration flux equation. The viscosity of blood is obtained from experimental data. In the sudden expansion flow, the predicted velocity profiles for two different Reynolds numbers (based on the inlet velocity) agree well with the available experiments; furthermore, the numerical results also show that after the sudden expansion there exists a RBCs depletion region. For the second problem, the idealized curved coronary artery, it is found that the RBCs move towards and concentrate near the inner surface where the viscosity is higher and the shear stress lower; this phenomenon may be related to the atherosclerotic plaque formation which usually occurs on the inside surface of the arteries.
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