Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract01:31

Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract

1.9K
The lower respiratory tract is anatomically composed of several vital structures, including the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, lungs, and pleurae. Each component has a specific function, and all are intricately connected to ensure efficient respiration.
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...
1.9K
Development of the Lymphatic System01:15

Development of the Lymphatic System

1.3K
The development of lymphatic tissues and vessels in embryonic life begins around the fifth week. These structures originate from the mesoderm layer, with lymph sacs emerging from developing veins.
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...
1.3K
The Bronchial Tree01:23

The Bronchial Tree

4.1K
The human bronchi and bronchial tree play a crucial role in the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Let's delve into the intricate structure and functions of these respiratory components.
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
4.1K
Overview of Respiratory System01:23

Overview of Respiratory System

5.6K
The respiratory system is a complex biological apparatus that facilitates the exchange of gases, specifically oxygen and carbon dioxide, between our bodies and the environment. This system plays a vital role in the physiological process of respiration, an essential function for sustaining life.
What is the Respiratory System?
The respiratory system consists of a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The primary function of the respiratory system is to...
5.6K
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract01:29

Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract

3.0K
The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
3.0K
Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration01:30

Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration

2.0K
Introduction to Inspiration: The Respiratory System in Action
The respiratory system, an essential network for breathing, comprises the conducting and respiratory zones, each playing a crucial role in the overall process of respiration. Let us explore the detailed mechanism of inspiration, or inhalation, which is the first phase of the respiratory cycle.
Pathway of Air during Inspiration
During inspiration, air enters our body through the nose or mouth and moves through the conducting zone,...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Vertebrate endoderm development.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

Single-cell transcriptomic comparison of the developing human fetal stomach and pluripotent stem cell-derived gastric organoids.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

Xenbase: 25 years of integrating molecular and biomedical data from Xenopus.

Genetics·2025
Same author

Co-development of mesoderm and endoderm enables organotypic vascularization in lung and gut organoids.

Cell·2025
Same author

Primitive Hepatoblasts Driving Early Liver Development.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Disrupted endosomal trafficking of the Vangl-Celsr polarity complex underlies congenital anomalies in Xenopus trachea-esophageal morphogenesis.

Developmental cell·2025
Same journal

Epigenetic modulation of cell fate during pancreas development.

Trends in developmental biology·2024
Same journal

Simplifying cell fate map by determining lineage history of core pathway activation during fate specification.

Trends in developmental biology·2023
Same journal

Mouse zona pellucida proteins as receptors for binding of sperm to eggs.

Trends in developmental biology·2023
Same journal

Developmental effects of <i>in utero</i> metformin exposure.

Trends in developmental biology·2023
Same journal

Maternal determinants of gestation length in the rhesus monkey.

Trends in developmental biology·2022
Same journal

Zona pellucida genes and proteins and human fertility.

Trends in developmental biology·2020
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Generation of 3D Whole Lung Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Modeling Lung Developmental Biology and Disease
09:45

Generation of 3D Whole Lung Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Modeling Lung Developmental Biology and Disease

Published on: April 12, 2021

8.6K

Mesodermal lineages in the developing respiratory system.

Lu Han1, Talia Nasr1, Aaron M Zorn1

  • 1Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Perinatal Institute and Cincinnati Children's Hospital, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.

Trends in Developmental Biology
|October 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores respiratory system development, focusing on how early embryonic signaling guides lung and trachea formation. It highlights the crucial, yet understudied, role of mesenchyme development in creating functional airways.

Keywords:
developmentlungmesenchymerespiratory systemtissue interactiontrachea

More Related Videos

Studying Wnt Signaling During Patterning of Conducting Airways
13:00

Studying Wnt Signaling During Patterning of Conducting Airways

Published on: October 16, 2016

7.5K
Mouse Embryonic Lung Culture, A System to Evaluate the Molecular Mechanisms of Branching
07:32

Mouse Embryonic Lung Culture, A System to Evaluate the Molecular Mechanisms of Branching

Published on: June 30, 2010

18.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Generation of 3D Whole Lung Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Modeling Lung Developmental Biology and Disease
09:45

Generation of 3D Whole Lung Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Modeling Lung Developmental Biology and Disease

Published on: April 12, 2021

8.6K
Studying Wnt Signaling During Patterning of Conducting Airways
13:00

Studying Wnt Signaling During Patterning of Conducting Airways

Published on: October 16, 2016

7.5K
Mouse Embryonic Lung Culture, A System to Evaluate the Molecular Mechanisms of Branching
07:32

Mouse Embryonic Lung Culture, A System to Evaluate the Molecular Mechanisms of Branching

Published on: June 30, 2010

18.7K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The respiratory system relies on integrated epithelial and mesenchymal tissues for function.
  • Early embryonic signaling orchestrates lung and trachea development, including branching morphogenesis.
  • While epithelial differentiation is well-studied, respiratory mesenchyme development remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge of fetal lung and trachea mesenchyme development.
  • To highlight recent findings from animal models on respiratory mesenchyme lineages.
  • To emphasize the importance of mesenchymal cell patterning and differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on respiratory system development.
  • Analysis of findings from animal models studying lung and trachea development.
  • Focus on paracrine signaling and cell lineage tracing in mesenchyme.

Main Results:

  • Bidirectional paracrine signaling between endoderm and mesoderm is key to lung and trachea development.
  • Mesenchymal cells (endothelial, smooth muscle, chondrocytes) are vital for respiratory system structure and function.
  • Animal models are providing new insights into the poorly understood respiratory mesenchyme lineages.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding respiratory mesenchyme development is critical for addressing congenital defects.
  • Further research into mesenchymal cell patterning and differentiation is needed.
  • Recent animal model studies are illuminating the complexity of respiratory mesenchyme development.