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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
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Linking Microstructural Integrity and Motor Cortex Excitability in Multiple Sclerosis.

Angela Radetz1, Kalina Mladenova1, Dumitru Ciolac1,2,3

  • 1Neuroimaging and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine-Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Frontiers in Immunology
|October 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced imaging reveals reduced neurite density in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is linked to impaired motor function and reduced neural excitability. This finding highlights potential for microstructure imaging to predict neuroinflammation effects.

Keywords:
NODDIexcitabilitymotor thresholdmultiple sclerosisneurite orientation dispersion and density imagingtract-based spatial statistics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Motor skills are often compromised in multiple sclerosis (MS) due to grey and white matter damage, leading to cortical excitability abnormalities.
  • Quantifying microstructural integrity and neural excitability is crucial for understanding MS-related motor impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between microstructural integrity of the motor system, neural excitability, and cognitive-motor performance in MS patients.
  • To compare advanced diffusion imaging techniques (NODDI and DTI) in detecting microstructural abnormalities in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Employed advanced diffusion imaging, including neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), on 50 MS patients and 49 controls.
  • Assessed neural excitability via resting motor thresholds using transcranial magnetic stimulation.
  • Conducted neuropsychological assessments (Nine-Hole Peg Test, TMT-A/B, SDMT) and clinical evaluations (EDSS).

Main Results:

  • Lower neurite density index (NDI) in the primary motor cortex correlated with higher motor thresholds (reduced excitability) and poorer cognitive-motor performance (TMT-A/B, SDMT).
  • Motor white matter tracts showed reduced NDI and fractional anisotropy (FA), with NDI identifying a greater number of abnormal voxels.
  • Increased orientation dispersion index in motor tracts indicated reduced fiber coherence in MS patients.

Conclusions:

  • Establishes a link between microstructural integrity (particularly NDI) and neural excitability, as well as cognitive-motor function in MS.
  • Demonstrates NODDI's superior ability over DTI (FA) in detecting microstructural abnormalities in MS.
  • Suggests potential for microstructure imaging using advanced biophysical models to predict excitability changes in neuroinflammation.