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Nonrandom additional chromosome changes in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia with inv(16)(p13q22)
Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics
|June 1, 1987
Summary
Investigating acute nonlymphocytic leukemia with inv(16) chromosome rearrangement, this study found it occurs in both acute myelomonocytic leukemia (FAB-M4) and acute monocytic leukemia (FAB-M5b). Additional chromosome changes like del(7q) and trisomy 22 are nonrandomly associated with inv(16).
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Cytogenetics
- Oncology
Background:
- Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) encompasses various subtypes with distinct genetic alterations.
- The inversion of chromosome 16, inv(16)(p13q22), is a recurring cytogenetic abnormality in ANLL, particularly associated with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (FAB-M4).
- Additional chromosomal abnormalities can influence the prognosis and clinical presentation of ANLL.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report on five patients with ANLL and inv(16)(p13q22), focusing on associated chromosomal changes.
- To investigate the spectrum of ANLL subtypes associated with inv(16).
- To determine the nonrandomness of specific additional chromosomal abnormalities with inv(16).
Main Methods:
- Case series reporting on five patients with ANLL and inv(16).
- Karyotyping and cytogenetic analysis to identify chromosomal abnormalities.
- Review of relevant literature on ANLL with inv(16) and other specific rearrangements.
Main Results:
- All five patients with ANLL and inv(16) exhibited abnormal eosinophils in bone marrow.
- Three patients were diagnosed with FAB-M4, and two with FAB-M5b.
- Two patients had del(7q) and trisomy 22, which are rare in other ANLL subtypes but frequently seen with inv(16).
- inv(16) is associated with both FAB-M4 and FAB-M5b, and del(7q) and +22 are nonrandomly associated with inv(16).
- Clinical features showed no significant differences between patients with sole inv(16) and those with additional changes, except for a lower white blood cell count in the latter group.
Conclusions:
- The inv(16)(p13q22) abnormality is observed in both acute myelomonocytic leukemia (FAB-M4) and acute monocytic leukemia (FAB-M5b).
- Deletion of chromosome 7 long arm (del(7q)) and trisomy 22 (+22) are nonrandomly associated with inv(16) as additional abnormalities in ANLL.
- The presence of additional chromosomal changes with inv(16) may be associated with a lower white blood cell count but does not significantly alter other clinical features.