Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...

Colors and Magnetism

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...

Stereoisomerism

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied...

Prochirality

Prochirality

The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Dendrite initiation and deflection in biaxially stressed solid electrolytes.

Nature·2026

Same author

Nonequilibrium ion transport in a hybrid battery material.

Science advances·2026

Same author

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Investigation of the SEI Formed on Lithium Metal Anodes.

ACS electrochemistry·2026

Same author

The role of phosphorus in the solid electrolyte interphase of argyrodite solid electrolytes.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

High-quality ultra-fast total scattering and pair distribution function data using an X-ray free-electron laser.

IUCrJ·2025

Same author

Origin of Stability in the Solid Electrolyte Interphase formed between Lithium and Lithium Phosphorus Oxynitride.

Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society·2025

Same journal

Interfacial stabilization enabled by triethyl borate for high-voltage batteries with a wide temperature range.

Materials horizons·2026

Same journal

Bioinspired edible vesicles as standardized nanoestrogens for safe bone remodeling in osteoporosis.

Materials horizons·2026

Same journal

MOF glass-based membranes: a promising platform for advanced separation.

Materials horizons·2026

Same journal

Modulating tris-acid integrated proton-confined motifs for efficient uranium extraction from natural seawater.

Materials horizons·2026

Same journal

Hydrodynamic rotational amplifiers with direction controllability, rotational hysteresis, nonreciprocity, and venturi effect.

Materials horizons·2026

Same journal

<i>Materials Horizons</i> Emerging Investigator Series: Professor Michael T. Yeung, University at Albany, SUNY, United States.

Materials horizons·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Published on: June 10, 2021

Structural complexity in Prussian blue analogues.

John Cattermull^1,2, Mauro Pasta², Andrew L Goodwin¹

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK.

Materials Horizons

|October 29, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Structural complexity in Prussian blue analogues impacts material function. Understanding octahedral tilts, Jahn-Teller distortions, and vacancies aids in designing advanced battery materials like K-ion cathodes.

More Related Videos

Preparation of SNS CobaltII Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Preparation of SNS CobaltII Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Published on: March 19, 2020

Biofunctionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging Applications

Biofunctionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging Applications

Published on: April 28, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach

Published on: June 10, 2021

Preparation of SNS CobaltII Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Preparation of SNS CobaltII Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Published on: March 19, 2020

Biofunctionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging Applications

Biofunctionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging Applications

Published on: April 28, 2015

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Solid-State Chemistry
Crystallography

Background:

Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) are versatile framework materials with applications in energy storage.
Structural complexity significantly influences the functional properties of PBAs.
Controlling these complexities is key to optimizing material performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To survey key types of structural complexity in Prussian blue analogues.
To discuss the implications of these complexities for material function.
To explore methods for controlling complexity through composition.

Main Methods:

Review and synthesis of existing literature on PBA structural complexity.
Focus on six critical aspects: octahedral tilts, A-site slides, Jahn-Teller distortions, A-site species/occupancy, hexacyanometallate vacancies, and framework hydration.
Case study analysis using K-ion cathode material KMn[Fe(CN)6].

Main Results:

Identified six major types of structural complexity in PBAs.
Demonstrated how these complexities affect material properties, using KMn[Fe(CN)6] as an example.
Highlighted the role of composition in controlling structural features.

Conclusions:

The interplay of structural distortions can be exploited to enhance PBA performance.
Strategies for controlling complexity are crucial for designing next-generation PBA materials.
Further research into structure-property relationships will accelerate materials discovery.