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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Comorbidity between mental and neurological disorders is unexpectedly high.
  • Mental illness indirectly impacts neurological health by influencing risk factors for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases.
  • These cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases pose significant public health and socioeconomic challenges globally and in Croatia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the high degree of comorbidity between mental and neurological disorders.
  • To explore the indirect impact of mental illness on the development of neurological problems, particularly cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases.
  • To emphasize the need to address these comorbidities in clinical practice and public health strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on mental and neurological disorder comorbidity.
  • Analysis of the link between mental illness and risk factors for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Comparison of the incidence of risk factors in psychiatric populations versus the general population.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases is higher in the psychiatric population.
  • Risk factors for cerebrovascular disease (e.g., hypertension, diabetes) are more prevalent in individuals with mental disorders.
  • Management and detection of comorbidities are often delayed or missed in patients with mental disorders.

Conclusions:

  • The comorbidity of mental and neurological disorders, especially cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions, is a critical issue.
  • Mental illness exacerbates the risk of these diseases through modifiable risk factors that are poorly managed in psychiatric patients.
  • Urgent attention is required to improve the detection and management of these comorbidities to mitigate their public health impact.