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Updated: Aug 22, 2025
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Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide
Published on: January 15, 2017
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Stroke Scales as Assessment Tools in Emergency Settings: A Narrative Review
Hrvoje Budinčević1,2, Andrija Meštrović1, Vida Demarin3
1Department of Neurology, Sveti Duh University Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|November 11, 2022
Summary
Accurate stroke identification is crucial for effective reperfusion treatment. This review details essential stroke scales like FAST, NIHSS, and mRS for emergency and clinical use, aiding rapid patient assessment and outcome evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Emergency Medicine
- Clinical Assessment
Background:
- Modern stroke reperfusion therapies demand rapid and accurate patient identification.
- Various stroke scales exist for early recognition, severity assessment, and outcome prediction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review commonly utilized stroke scales in emergency and clinical settings.
- To highlight scales for prehospital recognition, in-hospital evaluation, and outcome assessment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of established stroke rating scales.
- Categorization of scales based on application: prehospital, in-hospital, and outcome evaluation.
Main Results:
- Face, Arms, Speech, Time (FAST) is the primary prehospital recognition tool.
- Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen offers high sensitivity and specificity.
- National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is recommended for in-hospital evaluation.
- Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is vital for comatose patients.
- Hunt and Hess scale assesses subarachnoid hemorrhage outcomes.
- Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is widely used for clinical outcome evaluation.
- Barthel Index and Functional Independence Measure evaluate disability.
Conclusions:
- Appropriate selection of stroke scales is vital for timely and effective stroke management.
- Standardized use of scales like FAST, NIHSS, and mRS improves patient care and research consistency.
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