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Updates in Motor Learning: Implications for Physical Therapist Practice and Education
Kristan A Leech1, Ryan T Roemmich2,3, James Gordon1
1Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Physical Therapy
|October 31, 2021
Summary
Human motor learning research has revealed multiple distinct mechanisms, including use-dependent, instructive, reinforcement, and sensorimotor adaptation. Understanding these mechanisms can enhance physical therapy interventions for improved movement.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Motor Control
- Physical Therapy
Background:
- Human motor learning research has expanded significantly over 30 years.
- Understanding of motor learning, defined as sustained changes in motor behavior, has evolved.
- Multiple distinct mechanisms of motor learning have been identified.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe scientific advancements in human motor learning mechanisms.
- To discuss the practical implications for physical therapist practice and education.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on human motor learning.
- Analysis of distinct motor learning mechanisms: use-dependent, instructive, reinforcement, and sensorimotor adaptation.
- Discussion of neural substrates governing these mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Motor learning involves multiple parallel or isolated mechanisms.
- Each mechanism is associated with distinct neural substrates.
- Advancements offer potential for precise physical therapy treatments.
Conclusions:
- Expanded knowledge of motor learning mechanisms is crucial for physical therapy.
- New treatment approaches can be developed to improve human movement.
- Implications for physical therapist practice and education are significant.
