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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Flux01:18

Magnetic Flux

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The magnetic flux measures the number of magnetic field lines passing through a given surface area. The SI unit for magnetic flux is the weber (Wb). Magnetic flux is a scalar quantity. It depends on three factors: the strength of the magnetic field B, the area through which the field lines pass, and the relative orientation of the field with the surface area.
Suppose a surface is divided into elements of area dA. For each element, the component of the magnetic field that is normal to the...
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Two long, straight, and parallel current-carrying conductors exert a force of equal magnitude on one another. The direction of the force depends on the current direction in the conductors.
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The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between the magnets with a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate, thus converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
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Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
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Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

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An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
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Force On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:17

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Magnetic forces on wires carrying current are most frequently applied in motors. A DC motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical work. In motors, wire loops are enclosed in a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate. The direction of the current is reversed once the loop's surface area is lined up with the magnetic field, causing a constant torque on the loop. During the process,...
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Can Multi-threaded Flux Tubes in Coronal Arcades Support a Magnetohydrodynamic Avalanche?

J Threlfall1,2, J Reid2, A W Hood2

  • 1Division of Computing and Mathematics, Abertay University, Kydd Building, Dundee, DD1 1HG UK.

Solar Physics
|November 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities in curved coronal arcades can trigger energy release. Multi-threaded loops show complex dynamics, with driving speeds and geometry influencing instability propagation and secondary energy bursts.

Keywords:
Magnetic fields, coronaMagnetic flux tubesMagnetic reconnection, theoryMagnetohydrodynamic avalancheMagnetohydrodynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Solar Physics
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities are crucial for energy release from stressed magnetic fields in astrophysical plasmas.
  • Previous models focused on cylindrical flux tubes, but recent studies consider curved arcades with both footpoints in the same plane.
  • Multi-threaded cylindrical flux tubes can exhibit MHD avalanches, where one unstable thread destabilizes others.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the properties of multi-threaded coronal loops in realistic, curved arcade structures.
  • To analyze the evolution and instability of both single- and multi-threaded coronal loops under varying photospheric driving conditions.
  • To understand how geometry and relative driving speeds influence instability propagation in multi-threaded systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing three-dimensional MHD simulations to model the dynamic evolution of coronal loops.
  • Simulating both single-threaded and multi-threaded loop configurations.
  • Varying the driving velocity of individual threads to observe effects on stability and energy release.

Main Results:

  • Single-threaded loops destabilize consistent with ideal MHD instability, as seen in prior research.
  • The presence of multiple threads alters instability dynamics, with geometry and driving speeds playing key roles in thread-to-thread destabilization.
  • Continuous driving of disrupted thread remnants leads to secondary, aperiodic energetic bursts in both single- and multi-threaded scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • Curved coronal arcades with multi-threaded loops exhibit complex MHD instability behavior.
  • The interplay between loop geometry, driving speeds, and the number of threads significantly impacts energy release dynamics.
  • Secondary energy bursts can be triggered by continuous driving, highlighting the potential for complex energy release processes in the solar corona.